Physics Blog Number 1 - April 29, 2011

The Gamow peak

    A recent monograph (The Physics of Inertial Fusion, by Atzeni and Meyer-Ter-Vehn, Oxford 2004) has a nice description of the physics of fusion (and the Gamow peak) in Chapter 1, "Nuclear fusion reactions." This chapter is available online: http://fds.oup.com/www.oup.co.uk/pdf/0-19-856264-0.pdf , but the entire book is well written, and is worthwhile perusing.
    For non-resonant reactions, like DD, the convolution of the cross section (including the Gamow factor) and the velocity distribution function (assuming a thermal distribution) results in the Gamow peak:
Gamow Peak
where eGp is proportional to kT, and this result is good for temperatures small compared with the Gamow energy EG. 

Tin, Sn

    Tin is one of the more interesting materials.  It is the element with the largest number of stable isotopes (ten!), because its atomic nuimber, Z=50, is one of the "magic numbers" of nuclear stability.  These nuclear magic numbers are 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126, ..., which means that Sn-50 and Sn-132 are both "doubly magic" nuclei, have both a magic number of protons and a magic number of neutrons.

Steven Chu

    Our Secretary of Energy is a workhorse.  As the journal Science states, he works on science "during nights, weekends, and on planes - after putting in 70-80 hours a week as energy secretary." In particular, he's recently published the most precise measurement of gravitational redshift, using "quantum interference of atoms," available here:
http://www.uam.es/personal_pdi/ciencias/jcuevas/Teaching/Muller-Peters-Chu-Nature2010.pdf